Something to think carefully about beyond the immigration process: once your parents get permanent residence, they will have a 5-year waiting period before they can access most federal benefits like Medicaid or SSI. Private health insurance costs for elderly individuals in the US can be $800–$1,500 per month per person. Make sure you have a clear financial plan for healthcare before initiating the sponsorship. Many families are surprised by these costs after their parents arrive. Some families I know sponsor parents for the green card but the parents split their time between the US and home country — permanent residents must not stay outside the US for more than 6 months continuously without a re-entry permit.

I sponsored both my parents and the most stressful part was the I-864 Affidavit of Support. You must sponsor them financially, which means if they ever receive means-tested public benefits, the government can theoretically sue you to recover those costs. This obligation remains even if you divorce, they naturalize, or you otherwise change your relationship with them. Most Indian immigrant parents I know are independent and would never use public benefits, but the legal obligation is real and permanent. Also, my parents were over 70 so the medical exam was intensive — plan for a full day appointment at an authorized civil surgeon.